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SLST IX-X Physical Science Online Free Mock Test: Set 1
CHEMISTRY + PHYSICS: Set/01 - Hard
Paper 1 Multiple Choice Question: 60 MCQs
SPECIMEN PAPER: 2 hour
The total mark for this paper is 60.
Each correct answer will score one mark
2 / 60
Q2. The actual values of the masses of three sub-atomic particles are shown in the table:
Particle
Mass (kg)
proton
1.673 × 10⁻²⁷
neutron
1.675 × 10⁻²⁷
electron
9.109 × 10⁻³¹
Which nickel ion is predicted to have a mass of 1.038 × 10⁻²⁵ kg from these data?
Short Explanation
Mass of an atom ≈ (protons + neutrons) × 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
Electron mass is very small, so we ignore it.
Now check:
For Ni-62 → total nucleons = 62 Mass ≈ 62 × 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ ≈ 1.035 × 10⁻²⁵ kg (very close to given 1.038 × 10⁻²⁵)
Other options give masses further away.
✔ So, Ni-62²⁺ is the best match.
3 / 60
Which statement about 1 mol of a metal is always correct?
Short Explanation
1 mole of any element always contains Avogadro’s number (6.02 × 10²³) of atoms .
So, 1 mol of a metal has the same number of atoms as 1 mol of hydrogen atoms .
Why others are wrong:
B: 1/12 mol has fewer atoms
C: Mass depends on molar mass, not same
D: Depends on charge of ion, not always 1 mol electrons
✔ Therefore, A is always correct .
4 / 60
Which statement about this structure ice crystal is correct?
Short Explanation
Each oxygen atom has two lone pairs (4 electrons) .
These lone pairs are responsible for forming hydrogen bonds with neighboring H atoms.
Why others are wrong:
A: Bond angle is ~104.5°, not 120°
C: Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds
D: Ice is less dense than water due to open structure
✔ Hence, B is correct .
5 / 60
The head of the first type of match, called a ‘lucifer’, contained a mixture of antimony(III) sulfide and potassium chlorate(V). When the match was ‘struck’, the following reaction took place:
Sb₂S₃(s) + 3KClO₃(s) → Sb₂O₃(s) + 3KCl(s) + 3SO₂(g)
Which element is reduced in the reaction?
Short Explanation
To find reduction, check oxidation state decreases :
In KClO₃ , chlorine = +5
In KCl , chlorine = −1
So chlorine changes:
+5 → −1 → reduction
Other changes:
Sulfur: −2 → +4 (oxidation)
Antimony: remains +3
✔ Therefore, chlorine is reduced .
6 / 60
Use of the data booklet is relevant to this question.
The successive ionisation energies, in kJ mol⁻¹, of an element X are given:
870, 1800, 3000, 3600, 5800, 7000, 13200
What is X?
Short Explanation
Look for the big jump in ionisation energy:
870 → 1800 → 3000 → 3600 → 5800 → 7000 → 13200
The biggest jump is after removing 6 electrons : This means X has 6 valence electrons .
Elements with 6 valence electrons belong to Group 16 .
From options:
As → Group 15 ❌
Zr → Group 4 ❌
Te → Group 16 ✅
I → Group 17 ❌
✔ Therefore, X = Tellurium (Te) .
7 / 60
Synthetic rubber is commonly produced from the monomer buta-1,3-diene.
What are the numbers of σ bonds and π bonds present in one molecule of buta-1,3-diene?
8 / 60
Polymerisation of ethene gives poly(ethene).
How does the carbon-carbon bond in poly(ethene) compare with that in ethene?
Short Explanation
In ethene (C=C) , the carbon-carbon bond is a double bond :
In poly(ethene) , the double bond opens to form single C–C bonds :
✔ Therefore, the C–C bond in poly(ethene) is longer and weaker than in ethene.
9 / 60
The elements phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine all exhibit covalent bonding. Their melting points are listed:
phosphorus: 44°C
sulfur: 115°C
chlorine: −101°C
What accounts for these differences in melting points?
Short Explanation
These substances are simple molecular substances :
phosphorus = P₄
sulfur = S₈
chlorine = Cl₂
Their melting points depend on the strength of London dispersion forces between molecules.
Key idea:
More electrons in a molecule → larger electron cloud
Stronger temporary dipole attractions
Higher melting point
So:
S₈ has most electrons → highest mp
P₄ intermediate
Cl₂ least → lowest mp
✔ Therefore, the difference is due to the number of electrons in the molecules .
10 / 60
Which set of bond angles in pyruvic acid [ CH₃–CO–CO₂H ] would be predicted by Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory?
Short Explanation
Pyruvic acid: CH₃–CO–COOH
Bond angles present:
1. CH₃ carbon:
tetrahedral
bond angle ≈ 109°
2. Carbonyl carbon (C=O):
trigonal planar
bond angle ≈ 120°
3. Carboxylic acid carbon:
also trigonal planar
≈ 120°
Why others are wrong?
105° is typical for bent molecules like H₂O (due to lone pairs), not here
180° is linear geometry, not present in pyruvic acid
✔ Therefore, only 109° and 120° are present.
11 / 60
The gases butane, 2-methylpropane and propane are kept in a sealed container at atmospheric pressure and room temperature.
Which row represents the order in which these gases will liquefy as the pressure in the container is gradually increased?
Short Explanation:
Liquefaction depends on boiling point :
butane (straight chain) → highest boiling point
2-methylpropane (branched) → slightly lower
propane → lowest boiling point
Higher boiling point gas liquefies first on increasing pressure.
✔ Order: butane → 2-methylpropane → propane
12 / 60
Ammonia gas reacts with gaseous hydrogen chloride to form a white smoke of ammonium chloride.
Which statements correctly describe the behaviour of ammonia in this reaction?
It acts as an Arrhenius acid.
It acts as an Arrhenius base.
It acts as a Brønsted–Lowry acid.
It acts as a Brønsted–Lowry base.
Short Explanation
Reaction:
NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl
NH₃ accepts H⁺ from HCl
So NH₃ acts as a Brønsted–Lowry base
Why not Arrhenius base?
Arrhenius base produces OH⁻ in aqueous solution
Here reaction is in gas phase, so Arrhenius concept does not apply
✔ Therefore, only statement 4 is correct → D
13 / 60
Which solution, when added to 25 cm³ of 0.100 mol dm⁻³ NaOH , produces a buffer solution?
After reaction:
acid left = 0.00125 mol
acetate formed = 0.0025 mol
Weak acid + conjugate base present → buffer
✔ Therefore, D is correct .
14 / 60
The table shows data on two acid-base indicators:
Indicator
pH range
Acid colour
Alkali colour
bromocresol green
3.8–5.5
yellow
blue
phenol red
6.8–8.5
yellow
red
Which conclusion can be drawn about a solution in which:
bromocresol green is blue
phenol red is yellow
Short Explanation
Bromocresol green blue → pH > 5.5
Phenol red yellow → pH < 6.8
So: 5.5<pH<6.8
This is slightly above acidic region / near neutral but on alkaline side.
✔ Therefore, solution is weakly alkaline → C
15 / 60
When there is a small increase in the amount of CO₂(g) in the atmosphere, the pH of an ocean is maintained by a series of chemical reactions. Which equation maintains the pH in the ocean?
Short Explanation
When CO₂ dissolves in ocean water:
CO₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃
H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺ + HCO₃⁻
This increases H⁺ , which would lower pH.
To resist this change, the ocean uses its carbonate buffer system :
H⁺ + CO₃²⁻ → HCO₃⁻
This reaction removes excess H⁺ , helping maintain pH.
✔ Therefore, D is the buffering reaction that maintains ocean pH.
16 / 60
Q16. Which row describes and explains the trend in electronegativity from fluorine to iodine?
Short Explanation
From fluorine to iodine (down Group 17):
Atomic radius increases
More electron shells are added
More shielding occurs
So the bonding pair of electrons is farther from the nucleus and feels less attraction .
Thus:
Electronegativity decreases down the group
✔ Therefore, A is correct .
18 / 60
The diagram represents the Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies of a sample of gas at a given temperature.
As temperature increases, which statements are correct?
The maximum of the curve is displaced to the right.
The proportion of molecules with energies above any given value increases.
The proportion of molecules with any given energy increases.
Short Explanation
When temperature increases:
✔ Statement 1: True
Peak moves to the right (higher energy)
✔ Statement 2: True
More molecules have energy above any chosen activation energy
✘ Statement 3: False
The distribution spreads out
Some energy values have lower proportion, some higher
Not true for any given energy
✔ Therefore, 1 and 2 only are correct → B
19 / 60
The conversion of diamond into graphite is slightly exothermic. Diamond does not readily change into graphite.
Which reaction pathway diagram correctly represents this conversion?
Short Explanation
Given:
Slightly exothermic → products have slightly lower energy than reactants
Does not readily change → high activation energy
So correct graph must show:
✔ Diamond starts at higher energy ✔ Graphite ends slightly lower ✔ Large hump (high activation energy)
Check options:
A: graphite higher → wrong
B: low activation energy → wrong
C: graphite same/higher → wrong
D: slight energy drop + large activation energy → correct
✔ Therefore, D is correct.
20 / 60
Which statement about the effect of a catalyst on a system at equilibrium is correct?
Short Explanation
A catalyst:
lowers activation energy for both forward and reverse reactions
speeds up both reactions equally
does not change equilibrium position or Kc
✔ Therefore, C is correct
21 / 60
In the reaction between aqueous sodium thiosulfate and dilute acid:
first order with respect to [acid] at low concentration
zero order with respect to [acid] at high concentration
Which graph represents the experimental results?
22 / 60
Q22. The use of catalytic converters in car exhaust systems reduces the amount of harmful nitrogen oxides emitted into the atmosphere.
Which statements about the catalytic converter are correct?
The catalyst is coated onto a honeycomb surface to provide a smaller surface area to increase the rate of the reaction.
The catalyst used is a heterogeneous catalyst which lowers the activation energy for the conversion of NO into N₂.
The forces of attraction holding the CO and NO molecules onto the surface of the catalyst are weaker than the forces of attraction holding the product molecules onto the surface.
Rhodium can be used as a catalyst in the catalytic converter.
23 / 60
In which reaction will the equilibrium yield of the right-hand product be increased by both of the indicated changes in pressure and temperature?
24 / 60
Iodine trichloride, ICl₃, is made by reacting iodine with chlorine. Given:
Find standard enthalpy of formation of solid ICl₃ .
25 / 60
The equation for the complete combustion of ethanethiol is:
A 20 cm³ sample of ethanethiol vapour is ignited with 100 cm³ of oxygen. After burning, the gas is cooled to room temperature. The cooled gas is then treated with excess aqueous alkali. What percentage of the final volume of cooled gas dissolves in the alkali?
26 / 60
What is the skeletal formula for 2,2,3-trimethylpentane ?
31 / 60
A voltmeter connected across a resistor in a circuit gives readings that have high precision but low accuracy.
Which row describes the likely error in readings taken with this voltmeter?
33 / 60
Two vectors, P and Q, have equal components in the x-direction, but the magnitude of P is smaller than the magnitude of Q.
How do the angles that Q and P make with the y-axis, and the magnitudes of Q and P in the y-direction, compare?
34 / 60
The diagram shows a rectangle with perimeter P.
The sides of the rectangle, measured with an uncertainty of 0.1cm, are Q = 20.0cm and R = 10.0cm
What is the increasing order of the percentage uncertainty of Q, R and P, starting with the smallest?
37 / 60
A ball is projected horizontally and falls under gravity. After time t it has travelled a horizontal distance x and fallen a vertical distance y. Air resistance is negligible.
Which row correctly states the distance travelled horizontally and vertically after time 2t?
38 / 60
A firework explodes into many parts after being fired high into the air.
At the time when the explosion takes place, what happens to the total momentum and the total kinetic energy of the system?
39 / 60
A train consisting of six wagons each of mass 6.0 × 104 kg is pulled at a constant speed by a locomotive of mass 24 × 104 kg along a straight horizontal track. The horizontal force resisting the motion of each wagon is 4000N
The link between wagons 2 and 3 breaks.
What is the acceleration(ms–2 ) of the locomotive immediately after the link breaks?
40 / 60
The elastic potential energy stored in a stretched wire can be calculated from a suitable straight‑line graph which has force plotted on the y-axis.
Which measurement of the wire is plotted on the x-axis, and which property of the graph is equal to the elastic potential energy stored in the wire?
42 / 60
A flat piece of card of uniform thickness is cut out and marked into squares.
Which labelled point is the centre of gravity of the card?
46 / 60
For an electron beam, the following quantities are known or are easily measured.
● area A, when the beam hits a target
● beam current I
● accelerating potential difference V
● elementary charge e
Which expression gives the rate of arrival of electrons per unit area on the target?
48 / 60
The diagram shows a circuit in which a microammeter records a current of 0.8µA.
Which row gives the direction of movement of electrons through the microammeter shown in the circuit and the number of these electrons passing through the microammeter in 1 second?
49 / 60
A voltage with the square waveform shown in the diagram is applied across a 100Ω resistor
51 / 60
A fixed resistor, a variable resistor, a filament lamp and a cell with negligible internal resistance are arranged in four different circuits.
In how many of these circuits is the brightness of the lamp changed by adjusting the resistance of the variable resistor?
52 / 60
A beam of positively charged particles is directed towards one side of a square region that contains a uniform magnetic field.
The magnetic field is perpendicular to the velocity of the particles and the plane of the square.
The field can be varied to any magnitude but is constant in direction.
The region of the magnetic field contains a vacuum.
After travelling through the magnetic field, through how many sides of the square region can the positively charged particles possibly pass?
53 / 60
There is a current in a straight wire in the direction PR, as shown in the diagram. P and R are two corners of an imaginary cube, with other corners Q, S, T, U, V and W.
A uniform magnetic field is applied through the cube in direction QP. What is the direction of the magnetic force on PR?
54 / 60
The electric current through a cylinder of semiconductor material is supplied by copper wires, as shown in the diagram
The charge carriers in the semiconductor material are electrons. The semiconductor material and the copper have the same cross-sectional area. The table gives details of the number of free electrons per cubic metre in each material.
The drift velocity of electrons through the copper wire is 0.58 mms–1 . What is the drift velocity of electrons through the semiconductor material?
55 / 60
Between which points is the resistance of the combination a maximum?
56 / 60
A beam of electrons enters a region in which there are magnetic and electric fields directed at right angles. It passes straight through without deviation.
A second beam of electrons, travelling twice as fast as the first, is then directed along the same line. How is this second beam deviated?
58 / 60
The mass of a nucleus is X. The total mass of its constituent protons and neutrons is Y. What is the binding energy of the nucleus?
59 / 60
The table shows three properties of different types of ionising radiation.
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